Vitiligo can be categorized as one of three types, based on the pattern of depigmentation. The most common type is generalized vitiligo, in which there is widespread distribution of white macules, often in a remarkably symmetrical array. The focal type is characterized by one or more macules on a single site; in some cases, this may be an early evolutionary stage of one of the other forms of the disease. Typical macules occur in the fingers, elbows, knees, lower back, and genital area. Extensive generalized vitiligo may leave only a few normally pigmented macules, a form of the disease referred to as “vitiligo universalis”.

The segmental type, which is uncommon, is characterized by one of several macules on one hand or one side of the body. This type is not usually associated with vitiligo macules in other parts of the body, and new vitiligo spots do not appear.